激光加工技术在航空发动机叶片制造中的应用研究

刘浩东; 陈长军; 李崇桂; 杨庆峰; 王东生

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.02.008

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装备环境工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2) : 61-71. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.02.008

航空航天装备

激光加工技术在航空发动机叶片制造中的应用研究

刘浩东¹, 陈长军², 李崇桂³, 杨庆峰¹, 王东生⁴

作者信息 +

Application of Laser Machining Technology in the Manufacturing of Aero Engine Blades

LIU Haodong¹, CHEN Changjun², LI Chonggui³, YANG Qingfeng¹, WANG Dongsheng⁴

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

从激光制孔、激光增材制造、激光冲击等方向,系统综述了激光加工技术在航空发动机制造领域的研究现状。首先评述了激光制孔技术在航空发动机叶片制造中的应用,并指出所面临的深孔加工的精度和一致性问题、带热障涂层叶片的加工过程材料兼容性等问题;其次评述了激光增材技术在航空发动机叶片制造与修复领域的应用,并指出未来多材料集成制造和智能闭环系统等应是重点发展的方向;再次评述了激光冲击强化技术在航空发动机叶片制造中的应用,并指出双面同步激光冲击强化、实时矫形激光冲击强化和变脉冲激光冲击强化等应是将来重点发展的方向。最后对未来研究方向进行了展望,指出构建集“激光增材成形-激光精密制孔-激光冲击强化”于一体的智能化制造单元,并依托数字孪生技术贯穿设计、制造与性能预测的全生命周期,将是未来的发展方向。

Abstract

The work aims to systematically review the research status of laser machining technology in the field of aero engine manufacturing from the aspects of laser drilling, laser additive manufacturing and laser shock processing. Firstly, the application of laser drilling technology in the manufacturing of aero engine blades was reviewed, and challenges such as precision and consistency in deep-hole machining, as well as material compatibility issues during the processing of blades with thermal barrier coatings, were highlighted. Secondly, the application of laser additive technology in the manufacturing and repair of aero engine blades was discussed, with an emphasis on the future need to focus on multi-material integrated manufacturing and intelligent closed-loop systems. Thirdly, the application of laser shock peening technology in aero engine blade manufacturing was reviewed, and future development directions such as dual-sided synchronous laser shock peening, real-time shape correction laser shock peening, and variable pulse laser shock peening were proposed. Finally, future research directions were outlined, pointing out that the development of an intelligent manufacturing unit integrating “laser additive forming-laser precision drilling-laser shock peening” supported by digital twin technology throughout the entire lifecycle of design, manufacturing, and performance prediction, would be the way forward.

导出引用

刘浩东, 陈长军, 李崇桂, 杨庆峰, 王东生. 激光加工技术在航空发动机叶片制造中的应用研究[J]. 装备环境工程. 2026, 23(2): 61-71 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.02.008

LIU Haodong, CHEN Changjun, LI Chonggui, YANG Qingfeng, WANG Dongsheng. Application of Laser Machining Technology in the Manufacturing of Aero Engine Blades[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(2): 61-71 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.02.008

中图分类号： V263.1+3

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